Pancreatitis is a serious disease of the pancreas characterized by a disorder in the production of digestive enzymes. The main symptoms of the disease are pain after eating left or right hypochondria, heartburn, nausea, vomiting and stomach discomfort.
Strict adherence to dietary guidelines is the key to treating pancreatitis. After all, the development of the disease often occurs due to improper lifestyle, alcohol and junk food consumption in large quantities.
The pancreatitis diet helps patients to relieve pain during exacerbations and to increase remission. In acute and chronic pancreatitis, the diet is different, but there are still some similarities. Let's talk about them.
General Pancreatitis Diet
The main requirement of the diet is to increase the amount of protein consumed and to reduce the amount of fat and carbohydrates in the main diet (if possible, they should be completely eliminated). In particular, the consumption of granulated sugar should be abandoned, as it contains 99% carbohydrates.
Fatty, high-fiber meals should completely disappear from the lives of pancreatitis patients. Eventually, they cause a strong load on the pancreas, as a result of which the organ begins to produce very large amounts of digestive enzymes, which are dangerous in this disease and can lead to serious complications.
Doctors recommend that all patients with pancreatitis take vitamin complexes to help prevent vitamin and mineral deficiencies in the body, which are often caused by a restricted diet.
Meals should be planned at the same time.
Eat 5-6 times a day in small portions to avoid excessive pancreatic stress and overeating.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
Acute pancreatitis usually presents with sudden sharp pain in the stomach pit. The pain is unbearable and therefore the person is called to an ambulance. An acute pancreatitis diet before the doctor's appointment is "zero". Under no circumstances should food be eaten. Neither "light" nor "heavy. "
It is allowed to take still mineral water, but not more than 3 glasses, before the doctor's appointment. And they are allowed to drink only if the urination process is normal.
Treatment of acute pancreatitis is hospitalized only. The patient is fasted for the first two days. Only now it is allowed to drink wild rose broth together with mineral water. The total amount of fluid consumed should not exceed 5 glasses per day.
On the third day of treatment, the patient is allowed to eat a fresh, low-calorie food that does not contain substances that cause pancreatic irritation and improve secretion.
Diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas will continue for one to two months after the main symptoms have subsided. During this period, you should opt out altogether:
- fried and fatty dishes; pastries and muffins;
- pickles and smoked dishes;
- pickles and preserves;
- spicy and sweet;
- onions and garlic;
- alcoholic beverages;
- fatty meats and fish;
- sausages.
All foods must be cooked. They should be boiled in water or steamed. Do not use oil, salt and spices during cooking.
The patient is only allowed to eat food in a warm and grated way. Before going to bed it is recommended to use laxatives fermented dairy products - kefir, fermented fried milk.
Diet duration from 6 to 12 months. And how a person will notice it in the future depends on his health. If all dietary recommendations are ignored, the disease can take a chronic form and then the patient will have to be treated for life.
Diet during remission of chronic pancreatitis
The diet for chronic pancreatitis is slightly different from the diet mentioned above. In this case, the patient's diet is significantly expanded, but only in the remission phase. During the period of exacerbation, the diet is completely different, but more on that later.
In the case of chronic pancreatitis, the use of proteins, which should be almost several times the daily human dose, as well as the use of carbohydrates (sugar, honey, baked goods, baked goods, etc. ) is permitted.
Foods that irritate the pancreas (hot spices, large amounts of salt, alcohol, etc. ) are restricted.
The patient's diet should also be partial. The number of meals is 4 to 6 times. The food served must be warm. You do not need to chop the food before eating.
Meat and fish products should not be high in fat, otherwise it can lead to liver degeneration, which is quite common in chronic pancreatitis. Cottage cheese contains many useful substances and should therefore simply be present in the patient's diet. However, you can only eat homemade cottage cheese, but not very fatty. It is forbidden to eat cottage cheese in the store.
If a person cannot refuse bread, they are advised to eat either yesterday's pastries or crackers (only from gray or black bread) during meals. You can also eat baked goods and pastries, but in limited quantities (no more than one serving per day).
In case of pancreatitis, drinking milk on its own is not recommended as it is poorly digested. It can be added to teas or to make cereals and soups. Even if the patient tolerates the milk well, it should not be drunk in large quantities. The maximum dose is 200 ml.
Fermented dairy products are very useful for people with chronic pancreatitis. Even cheese on the list of prohibited foods at other stages of the disease can be used during remission, but not in large quantities and if you feel well. The cheese must not be very salty or greasy.
Eggs cannot be eaten whole. The patient's diet can only contain egg white. It can be used to steam omelettes or add them to soups.
The patient's diet should not be high in fat (maximum 70 g per day). In addition, most of them should be vegetable fats. They are better digested and do not burden the pancreas.
Diet for exacerbations of chronic pancreatitis
The diet for pancreatitis during exacerbation is the same as for the acute form of the disease. The patient is fasted and is allowed to eat small amounts of fresh and low-fat food if positive dynamics begin.
If the condition does not deteriorate, the patient's menu is gradually expanded. After 2-3 months a person can eat just like in the remission phase.
Remember, this is only a rough diet for pancreatitis. The full list of permitted and prohibited products should be checked by a doctor. Only he will be able to make a proper diet, taking into account your state of health.